01 Gịnị bụ batrị lithium-ikuku na batrị lithium-sulfur?
① batrị Li-ikuku
Batrị lithium-ikuku na-eji oxygen dị ka ezigbo electrode reactant na metal lithium dị ka electrode na-adịghị mma.Ọ nwere njupụta ume ike dị elu (3500wh / kg), na njupụta ike ya nwere ike iru 500-1000wh / kg, nke dị elu karịa usoro batrị lithium-ion.Ihe mejupụtara batrị lithium-ikuku bụ nke electrodes dị mma, electrolytes na electrodes na-adịghị mma.Na sistemu batrị na-abụghị mmiri, a na-eji oxygen dị ọcha eme ihe ugbu a dị ka gas mmeghachi omume, yabụ enwere ike ịkpọ batrị lithium-ikuku batrị lithium-oxygen.
Na 1996, Abraham et al.kpokọtara batrị lithium ikuku nke mbụ na-abụghị mmiri n'ime ụlọ nyocha.Mgbe ahụ, ndị nchọpụta malitere ịṅa ntị na mmeghachi omume electrochemical nke ime na usoro nke batrị lithium-ikuku na-abụghị mmiri;na 2002, Gụọ et al.chọpụtara na arụmọrụ electrochemical nke batrị lithium-ikuku dabere na ihe mgbaze electrolyte na ikuku cathode;na 2006, Ogasawara et al.ejiri Mass spectrometer mee ihe, e gosipụtara ya na nke mbụ na Li2O2 bụ oxidized na oxygen na-ahapụ n'oge ị na-ebufe, nke kwadoro mgbanwe mgbanwe electrochemical nke Li2O2.Ya mere, batrị lithium-ikuku enwetawo nlebara anya na mmepe ngwa ngwa.
② batrị lithium-sulfur
Batrị lithium-sulfur bụ sistemụ batrị nke abụọ dabere na mmeghachi omume ngbanwe nke ikike sọlfọ dị elu (1675mAh / g) na ọla lithium (3860mAh / g), yana voltaji mwepu nke ihe dị ka 2.15V.Ya theoretical njupụta ike nwere ike iru 2600wh/kg.Ngwa ngwa ya nwere uru nke ọnụ ala dị ala na enyi na gburugburu ebe obibi, ya mere o nwere nnukwu mmepe mmepe.Enwere ike ịchọta nrụpụta batrị lithium-sulfur na 1960s, mgbe Herbert na Ulam tinyere akwụkwọ maka ikike batrị.Ụdị batrị lithium-sulfur a na-eji lithium ma ọ bụ lithium alloy dị ka ihe na-adịghị mma electrode, sọlfọ dị ka ihe dị mma electrode ihe mejupụtara aliphatic saturated amines.nke electrolyte.Afọ ole na ole ka e mesịrị, a kwalitere batrị lithium-sulfur site na iwebata ihe mgbaze organic dị ka PC, DMSO, na DMF, na enwetara batrị 2.35-2.5V.Ka ọ na-erule ngwụsị 1980s, ethers gosipụtara na ọ bara uru na batrị lithium-sulfur.N'ime ọmụmụ ihe ndị ọzọ, nchọpụta nke ether dabeere na electrolytes, iji LiNO3 dị ka ihe mgbakwunye electrolyte, na atụmatụ nke carbon/sulfur composite positive electrodes emeghewo ọganihu nyocha nke batrị lithium-sulfur.
02 Ụkpụrụ ọrụ nke batrị lithium-ikuku na batrị lithium-sulfur
① batrị Li-ikuku
Dịka steeti dị iche iche nke electrolyte eji, enwere ike kewaa batrị lithium-ikuku n'ime sistemu mmiri, sistemu organic, sistemu mmiri-organic ngwakọ, na batrị lithium-ikuku siri ike.N'ime ha, n'ihi obere ikike nke batrị lithium-ikuku nke na-eji electrolytes mmiri, ihe isi ike na-echebe metal lithium, na ngbanwe na-adịghị mma nke usoro ahụ, batrị lithium-ikuku organic na-abụghị mmiri na ikuku lithium-ikuku siri ike. A na-ejikarị batrị eme ihe ugbu a.Nnyocha.Abraham na Z.Jiang bu ụzọ chepụta batrị lithium-ikuku na-abụghị nke mmiri na 1996. E gosipụtara nhata mmeghachi omume mwepu na eserese 1. Mmeghachi omume nchaji bụ ihe dị iche.The electrolyte tumadi na-eji organic electrolyte ma ọ bụ siri ike electrolyte, na ihapu ngwaahịa bụ tumadi Li2O2 , ngwaahịa bụ insoluble ke electrolyte, na dị mfe imubanye na ikuku nti electrode, na-emetụta ihapu ikike nke lithium-ikuku batrị.
Batrị lithium-ikuku nwere uru nke njupụta ume dị oke elu, ịdị mma gburugburu ebe obibi, na ọnụ ala dị ala, mana nyocha ha ka dị obere, ma a ka nwere ọtụtụ nsogbu a ga-edozi, dị ka catalysis nke mmeghachi omume mbelata oxygen, ikuku oxygen permeability na hydrophobicity nke ikuku electrodes, na deactivation nke ikuku electrodes wdg.
② batrị lithium-sulfur
Batrị lithium-sulfur na-ejikarị sọlfọ elemental ma ọ bụ sọlfọ dabeere na ya dị ka ihe electrode dị mma nke batrị, na lithium dara na-ejikarị eme ihe maka electrode na-adịghị mma.N'oge usoro mwepụ, lithium metal nke dị na electrode na-adịghị mma bụ oxidized iji tụfuo electron ma mepụta ion lithium;Mgbe ahụ, a na-ebufe electrons na electrode dị mma site na sekit nke mpụga, a na-ebufekwa ion lithium na-emepụta na electrode dị mma site na electrolyte iji meghachi omume na sọlfọ iji mepụta polysulfide.Lithium (LiPSs), wee meghachi omume ọzọ iji mepụta lithium sulfide iji mezue usoro mwepụ ahụ.N'oge usoro ịchaji, lithium ion na LiPS na-alaghachi na electrode na-adịghị mma site na electrolyte, ebe electrons na-alaghachi na electrode na-adịghị mma site na sekit dị n'èzí iji mepụta lithium metal na lithium ions, na LiPS na-ebelata ka sọlfọ na electrode dị mma iji wuchaa usoro nchaji.
Usoro mwepu nke batrị lithium-sulfur na-abụkarị nzọụkwụ dị iche iche, multi-electron, multi-phase complex electrochemical reaction on the sulfur cathode, na LiPS nwere ogologo yinye dị iche iche na-agbanwe n'ime ibe ha n'oge usoro nnyefe.N'oge usoro mwepụ, mmeghachi omume nke nwere ike ime na electrode dị mma ka egosiri na Figure 2, na mmeghachi omume na electrode na-adịghị mma ka egosiri na Figure 3.
Uru nke batrị lithium-sulfur bụ ihe doro anya, dị ka ikike echiche dị elu;ọ dịghị oxygen na ihe onwunwe, na oxygen evolushọn mmeghachi omume agaghị eme, ya mere, ọrụ nchekwa dị mma;akụrụngwa sọlfọ bara ụba na sọlfọ elemental dị ọnụ ala;ọ dị mma na gburugburu ebe obibi ma nwee obere nsị.Otú ọ dị, batrị lithium-sulfur nwekwara ụfọdụ nsogbu ndị siri ike, dị ka mmetụta shuttle lithium polysulfide;ihe mkpuchi nke elemental sọlfọ na ngwaahịa mwepu ya;nsogbu nke nnukwu mgbanwe mgbanwe;SEI na-ejighị n'aka na nsogbu nchekwa nke lithium anodes kpatara;ihe ntọhapụ onwe ya, wdg.
Dị ka ọgbọ ọhụrụ nke sistemu batrị nke abụọ, batrị lithium-ikuku na batrị lithium-sulfur nwere ụkpụrụ ikike akọwapụtara nke ukwuu, ma dọtala uche dị ukwuu site n'aka ndị nchọpụta na ahịa batrị nke abụọ.Ka ọ dị ugbu a, batrị abụọ a ka na-eche ọtụtụ nsogbu sayensị na teknụzụ ihu.Ha nọ na mmalite nyocha nke mmepe batrị.Na mgbakwunye na ikike na nkwụsi ike nke ihe batrị cathode chọrọ ka emewanyewanye ya, isi okwu dịka nchekwa batrị dịkwa mkpa ka edozi ya ngwa ngwa.N'ọdịnihu, ụdị batrị abụọ a ka chọrọ nkwalite teknụzụ na-aga n'ihu iji kpochapụ ntụpọ ha iji mepee atụmanya ngwa ngwa.
Oge nzipu: Eprel-07-2023